Steam-turbine.



. No. 846,752. PATENTED MAR. l2, 1907. J. L. MOORE. STEAM TURBINE.APPLIGATION FILED 0011s, 1905.

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7am @JZ @are uvenkoz atto/amg PATENTED MAR. l2, 1907.

J. L. MORB. vSTEAM TURBINE.

APPLICATION FILED 00T.16. -1905.

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.N UNITED sr gus JAMES L. MOORE, .OE wELLsvrLLE,

BINE COMPANY,`OF WELLSVILLE, NEW YORK, A CQRPOR'ATION YORK.

PATENT OFFICE.

NEW YORK, AssIcNOR To KERR TUR- OE'NEWv STEAM-TURBINE. t

nasfiavse.

Specification of Letters Patent. Y

Patented Maren 12,1907.

Application filed October 18,1905. Serial No. 283,215.

specification. My invention relates to nozzles particujlarly adapted forcompound steam-turbines,l

known more especially as the multicellul ar type and shown, for example,in the Patents No. 756,241, dated April 5, 1904, and

. No. 798,105, dated August 29, 1905.

1 the motive y whereby with respect to a milling-cutter of a moredurable material than cast-iron, ,such as bronze or other com greaterpower by vand applying the The objects of my invention are, first, toconstruct a nozzle which consistsoi` a series oi' nozzle-openingsarranged on a ring, which is made separate and independent from thecastings forming the struct a nozzle ring, as above indicated, wherebythe nozzle-openings may be quickly and cheaply formed in the edge Oi thering by and at the same time made osition, thereby insuring greaterstrength and less corrosion; third, to construct a nozzle-ring in whichthe nozzle-openings may be placed closer together, so that in case oi.'a partial admission iluid isv admitted in a bodyvand uniformly about therotating element of the turbine; fourth, to construct` a nozzle ofcutting more nozzle-openings in a' given diameter of nozzle-ring of aturbine; iifth, to construct a series oi' removable nozzle-rings of thesame diameter'and having difierent number of nozzle-openings, thecapacity of a turbine may be readily and widely changed by removing oneset of nozzle-rings and inserting others having more or lessnozzlefopenings; sixth, to so construct and arrange the nozzle-'o eningsthe buckets that t ere is nearly a complete reversal in the direction ofthe motive iluid within the buckets while ilowing'in ageneral directionarallel to the axis; seventh, other evident a vantages and features ofthe specific construction vand. ar`

rangement oi the arts, which will hereinafter appear from t e detaileddescription of the nozzle-ring and manner of constructing same.

Myiinvention consists of structural features and relative arrangementsof which will be hereinafter more fully and turbine; second, toco'nelements, i

I clearly described, andpointed out inthe appended claims. y Referringto the two sheets of drawing, in which similarl reference 'charactersindicate the same partis in the several figures, Figure 1 vis a centrallongitudinal sectionof two expansionfcham'bers, showing two of' thenozzle-rings in position. Fig. 2 is a transverse section through thenozzle-Opening on line 2 2 of Fig. 1.,l Fig. 3 is a transverse centralsection of'th nozzle-ring removed from the turbine. Fig. 4 is a frontelevation of one of the buckets removed from the bucket-wheel.

` Fig. 5 is a sectional view of a bucket, taken Fig. 6 isa section of aon line 5 5 of Fig. 4, bucketon line 66 of Fig. 5, and Fig-7 is anenlarged sectional view showing a means of packing and makingfluid-tight the joint between the nozzle-ring and the abutting wallsseparating one expansion-chamber from the next.

In the drawings the same reference charthe several iigures.

,Referring to the drawing, bucket wheels ordisks of the rotor element ofthe turbine, and 2 2 are the buckets n the periphery ofthe wheels.

' 3 is a rotary shaft passing centrally through the turbine-casing towhich the wheels 1 1 are suitably secured. p

4 4.are the separable sections of the turbine-casing which are 'iittedto each other and the ends of the cylinder by tongue-and-- groove jointsand held together by longitudinal bolts. (Not shown.) The outsideportion'of the casing may befprovided with the usual lagging, as shownin the former patents hereinbefore referred to. i

5 indicates one oi' the partitions separating. one wheel or expansionchamber from the other and is preferably made integral and connected atone end of its corresponding casing-section 4 by means of any number ot'webs 5 5', pl-aceddiametrically opposite to each other. The spacesbetween these webs form extended arcuate-shaped passages forconveyingthemotive fluid from one section .to the next succeedingsection orpansion.v i

6 is any suitablebushing about the shaft and seated 1n the centralshaft-opening of the partition 5'.v

7 is a coredcasting which :forms the end of' acters indicate the sameparts throughoutorgpacking-'glandi' 1 1 represent the,

ICO.

stage of ex;

'los

y riiuid vchest'8, provided withay pipe connecf a fluid-tight joint onthe flanges, made, preferably,

theiother end ofthe. 1

Wheel 1.

10 is a bushing surrounding ythe shaft 'atl the section yvhere itlpasses throughitiie end,l casting 7. j, u V- 11 11 are internal annular.depending integral'With-a to a sourde 'offmotive-fluid,l`

bine-section 4 4 and 4. O n section from that ofthe partition. orseparat ingewall 5 or n the same end of thesectioniv as the grool joint.The outer f ace of the gesl-1 11 are) made smooth and form withthe'.ree'tangulau:v passages in the nozzle-ringato be presently'described, the nozzle passagesoropen'ings for directing the motive'uidonto the mov-* ing buckets and in a given predetermir'iedy di.-rection without leakage; y

12 12 are'the'nozzle-rings,. which are preferably made of bronze orother ,hard {metallic other:

" tribute the' torque in the did e of the ftonigue-andgroovef locityv ofv'Wheel, thereby rotating the shaft 3. The

. backen itself in a succeeding stage composition, on which areprovided? by cutting on one of its dat sides or smooth faces a' seriesof rectangular-shaped vassages 13 13, (see Fig. 2,) thereby forming tlienozzleopen ings of the nozzle-rin 1,2, l The other face of the ring 12is prefera ly provided'with a circular tongue 14, which fits into anannular groove 15 in the vseparatingjvvalll or partition' 5 on the end7. (See Fig.` 7.) In the groove 15 is deposited any suitable fibrouspacking material 16 to make a tight joint With the tongue 14 to preventany leakage of the Working Huid. This packing 1,6, it has been found, byits elastic qualities also assists in maintaining a Huid-tight jointbetween the opposite side of the nozzlering and the outer face of theflange 11, against Which it rests. It will be also seen that owing tothe Huidpressureback of the nozzle-ring being in excess of thatv on theopposite face, the immediate drop in pressureV of the motive fluid whenit enters the nozzles also exerts a pressure Which is of assistance in'maintaining nozzle side of .the ring 12.,

lThe single buckets 2, as shown in detail in Figs. 1-6, are providedWith a shank 17, which has 'at its lower end van enlargement 18 ofcylindrical form, adapted to fitin a corresponding recess 19 in ,theperiphery of the The curvature of the walls forming the inside of thebucket and the inclination of the nozzle-passages are such that themotive fluid is reversed in direction, thereby efflci ently impartingits velocity and energy-to the rotor element of the turbine.

From the foregoing description of my invention it Will be seen that. thenozzle-rings can be easily manufactured of the same sizeA of anysuitableI metal and with4 a different number of nozzle-passages, andwhen it is desired to vary the capacity of the turbine all .that isnecessary to Ido is to remove the said .illustrated and described invrings andi'lquickly substitute others having c the required number. of*changingf'the' construction. or4 relation of the 'lsmfif so' de- Sired, theA samekjtu'rbine muy have nozzlepassages Without parts of thetur.,bine

with a different numb of'nozz'le-passages in order to'properly anouniformly dis-` chambers or along the rotary shaft.

`The operationofthe intention is as follows: .l Referring to Fig; 1,`thej' from. the. steam-chest. 8

1'3" inthe nozzlefring,

to' the passage-Ways striking the buckets 2 onA the Wheel in such adirection that the vethemotive fluid is imparted to the motive fluid instriking the bucketsis turned y direction almost opposite from thatofthe original or striking direction, Whene'e-` it. passes into a secondchamber, which. 'actsV as a motive-fluid chest for the of expansion.

fluid again passes through a series of'similarly-arrangednozzle-passages luntil the last stage of expansion to ,the finalexhaust, as

the patents reerent expansionmotive fiuid'passes The motive Y ferred toabove, and need not herein be furi ther described for a clearunderstanding of the operation and use of the present invention'.

From the foregoing description of the structural features, -mode ofvassernl'iling the dierent parts, and manner 4of operation it will bereadily seen that I have devised a tur- 4bine in which all the objectsrecited in the statement of invention are carriedv out, the

vparts of the turbine are easily and cheaply manufactured, its capacityreadily changed, and the smooth and eflicient running of a turbine iseasily effected.

Various changes may be made in the specific construction of thenozzle-ring and its ,mode of being supported and secured in the turbine,and While I have shown my preferred form I'do not care to limit myselfto these specific arrangements, as they could be modified in man WaysWithout departing from the spirit o my invention and accomplish .thesame results.

Having now fully described my invention, what I claim as new, LettersPatent, is as follows:

y l.. A niulticellular compound turbine comprising a cylinder composedof a series of sepa arable and independent sections for the sev- -eralstages of expansion of the motive fluid, 'a verticalpartitionfor Wallconnected at one end o f each of the sections and having peripheralopenings for the passage of the motive Huid from one stage to the nextsucceeding stage of expansion, Aa dependent flange extending from the ofeach section from that of the 4partition on the same section, a rotaryshaft passing centrally through each of said sections andy parinner sideofthe other endk i1 5 and desire to secure by i outer end 'of each stageof' expansion,

titions,awheel or disk withineach chambe'rij formed by the separablesections anddixed ia es after reversal single buckets on the o-periphery of each wheel or disk andy a reto the shaft,l a row ofmovable nozzle-ring interposed between the partition of one section'andthe dependent flange of the adjacent section. 2. multicellular'compoundtuiliinl-corn-A prising a cylinder composed of a series of separable andindependent sections for the several stages of expansion ofthemotive-duid, a'4 vertical partition or wall connected at one end of eachof the sections and having peripheral openings Jfor the passage of themotive fluid from one stage to the next succeeding a circular groove linlthe outer face of. the partition and near its outer edge, a shortdependent flange extending from the inner side of the, other end of each'section from that of the partition on the same section, Va rotarysha tpassing centrally through each of said sections and partitions,

I- by the separable sections and iixed to the a wheel or disk withineach chamber formed of single buckets on the eriph- 'heel or disk andremova le and each ring having a4 one of its ilat faces shaft, a row eryof each independent nozzle-rings, series oi' nozzle-p assages in and acircular tongue in its other face, said -iace of a dependent lange andVceeding stage of expansion,

nozzle-rings being interposed and held between the dependent flanges andthe parti-l tions so that the nozzle-passages in each of thenozzle-rings are adjacent'to the outer the circular tongue rests withinthe groove of a partition.

3. A multicellular compound turbine comprising a cylinder com osed of aseries-of separable and indepen ent sections for the several stages oflexpansion of the motive l fluid, a vertical partition or wall connectedat one end of each oi the sections and having peripheral openings forthe passage of the motive luid from one stage to the next suca circularroove in the outer face oi the partition an near its outer edge, a shortdependent ilange extending from the inner side of the other end oi' eachsection from that ofthe partition on the same section,

row of single buckets on the peri he of each wheel or disk, said wheelsan bue ets vso arranged that the motive fluid 4passes removable andindependent nozzle-rings, each ring having a se p ent.;sections,

`each of said lections,ja tir'lgteel' or circular ent yilange extendingartition on the same section,

Ytions land .ing two opposite plane faces',

into one side or edge of the buckets and esof its direction from the erside or edge of the buckets. 4. A multicellular compound turbinecomprising a cylinder com posed of a series of separable and indepen entsections for the several 'stages oiy ex ansion of the motive luid, avertical artition or wall. connected at one end of eac of the sectionsAand having peripheral openings for the passage of the motive fluid fromone stage to the next succeeding `stage of expansion, ashort-dependfroin the inner side of section from that of the removableand independent nozzle-rings, each ring havin a series ofnozzle-passages in one of its at faces, said nozzle-rings beinginterposed and held between-the dependent flanges and the partitions sothat the nozzle-passages in'each of the nozzle-rings are. adjacent tothe outer face of a depen ent iiange, a rotary shaft passing centrallythrough each of said sections and partitions, a wheel or disk withineach chamber for/med by the .separable secfixed to the shaft, a row ofsingle buckets on the peripheryv of each wheel or disk, said wheels andbuckets 'so arranged thatthe motive liuid passes into one side orl ed eof the buckets and escapes after re- 95 versav yoi its direction from.the others'ide or` edge of the' buckets.

5. .A nozzle-ring iormotive-iluid `turbines or the like comprisinganannular body hava series of grooves or passages in'one of said lanefaces and a circular ,tongue-or projection on the other face., f f,-

6. A se arable section 'ior a multicellular compoun turbine, comprisingan outer annular rim, a hub central opening, a artitio'n ordiaphragni'radiating from said rrib and connected at'its@ eriphery byinternal webs to one edge'off lerini, a nozzle-ring removably supportedfn said partition or diaphra mthereby'- ,rniingpassages for-the motiveuid from one section to another, and an internal ilan e at the otheredge of the rim.

7. A multice lular coni'pound turbine coinosed of a seriesofseparable-and independ- ,rotary shaft passing through isk xed tosaidshaitwithin eachcliamber formed by adjacent sections, a series ofbuckets fixed to the rir'n of each le the other end of each disk, and aremovab rzc and continuous nozzle-ring held between adjacent sections inposition to deliver the inoltve' lud tangentially to said series ofbuckets. f f In' testimony whereof-'fl aihx my signature (12 5 "inpresence of two witnesses. separable sections and fixed to the shaft, a'JAMES MOORE..

` lWitnesses:

" C,V.KERR, I -K CLAUDEv R,.Soorr.

